Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Causes, Testing & Paths to a Live Birth
Two or more consecutive losses affect 1–2% of couples. Most causes are identifiable and treatable — from chromosomal issues to uterine anatomy and immune disorders.
What is recurrent pregnancy loss?
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) refers to two or more consecutive pregnancy losses, affecting approximately 1–2% of couples. Conception may occur normally, but maintaining pregnancy becomes difficult. Many causes are treatable when properly identified.
Causes to investigate
Genetic: chromosomal abnormalities, balanced translocations Anatomical: uterine septum, fibroids, adhesions Hormonal: thyroid disease, PCOS, diabetes Immune & clotting: antiphospholipid syndrome, autoimmune diseases
Workup may include genetic testing, karyotyping, hysteroscopy, thyroid evaluation, and blood clotting studies.
Treatment options
- IVF with PGT-A — reduces transfer of abnormal embryos; 45–65% (₹2L–4L)
- Genetic testing — identifies chromosomal causes (₹15,000–60,000)
- Anticoagulation/immune therapy — in selected cases (₹10,000–50,000)
- Specialist reproductive evaluation — identifies treatable causes (₹15,000–40,000)
Key takeaways
Most recurrent miscarriages have an identifiable cause. Genetic testing can significantly improve treatment planning. Successful live births remain achievable for most couples with appropriate care and emotional support.